| TBI | traumatic brain injury |
| IS | ischemic stroke |
| HS | hemorrhagic stroke |
| I/R | in vivo ischemic/reperfusion neuronal injury |
| OGD | oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) |
| OGDR | oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| miRNAs | microRNAs |
| MCAO | model of middle cerebral artery occlusion |
| SVZ | subventricular zone |
| ADIPOR2 | adiponectin receptor 2 |
| TXNIP | thioredoxin-interacting protein |
| GFAP | glial fibrillary acidic protein |
| LBZ | lesion boundary zone |
| IBZ | ischemic boundary zone |
| DG | dentate gyrus |
| MSCs | mesenchymal stem cells |