| 5-HTI | Serotonin |
| ABC | Aberrant Behavior Checklist |
| AEs | Adverse Events |
| ADHD | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
| ADI-R | Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised |
| AGA | American Gastroenterological Association |
| ASD | Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| ATEC | Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist |
| BBB | Blood–Brain Barrier |
| BSFS | Bristol Stool Form Scale |
| CARS | Childhood Autism Rating Scale |
| DA | Dopamine |
| CNBS-R2016 | Chinese Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale—Revised 2016 |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| DSR | Daily Stool Record |
| FMT | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation |
| GABA | Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid |
| GI | Gastrointestinal Tract |
| GSRS | Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale |
| HAMA | Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale |
| HAMD | Hamilton Depression Rating Scale |
| HPA | Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal |
| IBS-D | Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea |
| LGI | Lower Gastrointestinal Route |
| NGS | Next-Generation Sequencing |
| NJT | Nasojejunal Tube |
| PGI-II,III | Parent Global Impressions II,III |
| SAS | Social Adjustment Scale |
| SCFAs | Short Chain Fatty Acids |
| SCL-90 | Symptom Checklist-90 |
| SDSC | Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children |
| SRS | Social Responsiveness Scale |
| TET | Transendoscopic Enteral Tube |
| UDP-GlcNAc | Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine |
| VABS-II | Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition |
| WMT | Washed Microbiota Transplantation |