Skip to main content
. 2025 Jun 12;17(12):1989. doi: 10.3390/nu17121989
MetS Metabolic syndrome
CVD Cardiovascular disease
LAB Lactic acid bacteria
GRAS Generally Recognized as Safe
HT Hydroxytyrosol
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
ApoB Apolipoprotein B
ACC Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
DGAT Diacylglycerol acyltransferase
HMGCR 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase
FFA Free fatty acids
HDMPPA 3-(40-Hydroxyl-30,50-dimethoxyphenyl) propionic acid
TG Triglycerides
BP Blood pressure
BMI Body Mass Index
HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance
QUICKI Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index
TLR 4 Toll-like receptor 4
NF-κB Nuclear factor-κB
CGJ Cheonggukjang
DJ Doenjang
OGTT Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests
DPP IV Dipeptidyl peptidase 4
ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme
AX Arabinoxylan
γ-PGA γ-polyglutamic acid
NK Nattokinase
HFD High-fat diet
CEBP/α CCAAT element binding protein α
HSL Hormone-sensitive lipase
KJ Kochujang
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor α
MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
AGT Angiotensinogen
LXRα Liver X receptor alpha gene
SREBP-1c Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c gene
SREBP-2 Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 gene
FAS Fatty acid synthase gene
Ldlr Low density lipoprotein receptor gene
Agpat5 1-Acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 5 gene
Acox2 Acyl-CoA oxidase gene
Akt Protein kinase B
GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide 1 gene
UCP1 Uncoupling protein 1 gene
Me Malic enzyme
G6pdx Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase X-linked
Aco Acyl-CoA oxidase gene
PEPCK Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1