| MetS | Metabolic syndrome |
| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| GRAS | Generally Recognized as Safe |
| HT | Hydroxytyrosol |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ApoB | Apolipoprotein B |
| ACC | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase |
| DGAT | Diacylglycerol acyltransferase |
| HMGCR | 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase |
| FFA | Free fatty acids |
| HDMPPA | 3-(40-Hydroxyl-30,50-dimethoxyphenyl) propionic acid |
| TG | Triglycerides |
| BP | Blood pressure |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance |
| QUICKI | Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index |
| TLR 4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor-κB |
| CGJ | Cheonggukjang |
| DJ | Doenjang |
| OGTT | Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests |
| DPP IV | Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 |
| ACE | Angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| AX | Arabinoxylan |
| γ-PGA | γ-polyglutamic acid |
| NK | Nattokinase |
| HFD | High-fat diet |
| CEBP/α | CCAAT element binding protein α |
| HSL | Hormone-sensitive lipase |
| KJ | Kochujang |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor α |
| MCP-1 | Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 |
| AGT | Angiotensinogen |
| LXRα | Liver X receptor alpha gene |
| SREBP-1c | Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c gene |
| SREBP-2 | Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 gene |
| FAS | Fatty acid synthase gene |
| Ldlr | Low density lipoprotein receptor gene |
| Agpat5 | 1-Acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 5 gene |
| Acox2 | Acyl-CoA oxidase gene |
| Akt | Protein kinase B |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide 1 gene |
| UCP1 | Uncoupling protein 1 gene |
| Me | Malic enzyme |
| G6pdx | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase X-linked |
| Aco | Acyl-CoA oxidase gene |
| PEPCK | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 |