| BC | Before Christ |
| BCE | Before Christian Era |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| MDR | Multidrug-resistant |
| PHMB | Polyhexamethylene biguanide |
| AMPs | Antimicrobial peptides |
| PTT | Photothermal therapy |
| PDT | Photodynamic therapy |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| PLA | Polylactic acid |
| PLGA | Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) |
| PCL | Polycaprolactone |
| PVA | Polyvinyl alcohol |
| MPO | Myeloperoxidase |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| E-DNA | Ultrasensitive electrochemical DNA |
| ISDPR | Isothermal strand-displacement polymerization reaction |
| CaP NPs | Calcium phosphate nanoparticles |
| TOB | Tobramycin |
| OD | Oxidized dextran |
| QCS | Quaternized chitosan |
| GelMA | Methacrylated gelatin |
| MUG | 4-Methylumphulone beta-D-glucoside |
| CFU | Colony-forming unit |
| CuS NPs | Copper sulfide nanoparticles |
| UCNPs@TiO2 | Up-converted nanoparticles coated with titanium dioxide |
| CIP | Ciprofloxacin |
| GS | Gentamicin sulfate |
| CMC | Carboxymethyl chitosan |
| COL | Collagen |
| EOs | Essential oils |
| PVP-I | Povidone-iodine |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| CHG | Chlorhexidine gluconate |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| AgNPs | Silver nanoparticles |