Table 2.
Effect estimates for new cancer according to biological target
| Previous cancer | Effect size | Analysis | Sub-group | Studies, n | Biologic group | Conventional therapy group | Fixed effects | Random effects | Heterogeneity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size/person-years, n | Cancer events, n | Sample size/person-years, n | Cancer events, n | Effect size [95% CI] | p value | Effect size [95% CI] | p value | I2 [95% CI], % | Egger’s test | |||||
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-α inhibitor | ||||||||||||||
| Mixed | RR | Main | 7 | 1108 | 137 | 5285 | 595 | 1.07 [0.89; 1.28] | 0.50 | 1.02 [0.70; 1.50] | 0.88 | 35.2% [0.0%; 72.6%] | – | |
| Mixed | RR | Sensitivity | Remove no therapy | 4 | 784 | 95 | 4654 | 504 | 1.12 [0.90; 1.40] | 0.30 | 0.97 [0.33; 2.84] | 0.92 | 55.9% [0.0%; 85.4%] | – |
| Mixed | IRR | Main | 6 | 6955 | 134 | 22,222 | 588 | 0.84 [0.68; 1.02] | 0.08 | 0.84 [0.53; 1.32] | 0.36 | 33.7% [0.0%; 73.3%] | – | |
| Mixed | IRR | Sensitivity | Remove no therapy | 3 | 4252 | 92 | 17,614 | 497 | 0.83 [0.65; 1.05] | 0.12 | 0.78 [0.16; 3.68] | 0.56 | 52.7% [0.0%; 86.4%] | – |
| NMSC | IRR | Main | 3 | 3165 | 165 | 14,041 | 658 | 0.92 [0.78; 1.10] | 0.35 | 0.91 [0.59; 1.41] | 0.44 | 19.0% [0.0%; 91.6%] | – | |
| NMSC | HR | Main | Adjusted estimates | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.10 [0.42; 2.92] | 0.70 | 68.7% [0.0%; 90.9%] | – |
| Anti-α4β7-integrin | ||||||||||||||
| Mixed | RR | Main | 3 | 167 | 11 | 631 | 91 | 0.44 [0.24; 0.81] | 0.0087 | 0.44 [0.33; 0.60] | 0.0073 | 0.0% [0.0%; 89.6%] | – | |
| Mixed | IRR | Main | 3 | 1396 | 11 | 4608 | 91 | 0.39 [0.21; 0.74] | 0.0039 | 0.39 [0.25; 0.62] | 0.0122 | 0.0% [0.0%; 89.6%] | – | |
p values < 0.05 marked bold
NMSC, Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer; RR, Risk Ratio; HR, Hazard Ratio; IRR, Incidence Rate Ratio; IL, Interleukin