TABLE 3.

Univariable logistic regression analysis of risk factors for PACU POD.

	Exploratory cohort		Validation cohort
Characteristics	OR (95% CI)	P-value	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age	1.03 (0.98–1.07)	0.249	1 (0.93–1.07)	0.982
Female	1.17 (0.74–1.83)	0.507	0.62 (0.31–1.27)	0.195
BMI	1 (0.99–1.01)	0.933	0.98 (0.88–1.09)	0.727
Education Level
Primary school or below	Reference		Reference
Middle school	0.81 (0.5–1.31)	0.384	0.47 (0.22–1.01)	0.053
College	0.49 (0.25–0.96)	0.038	0.51 (0.17–1.55)	0.234
ASA
ASA I	Reference		Reference
ASA II	1.73 (0.6–5)	0.308	1.55 (0.52–4.64)	0.436
ASA ≥ III	1.79 (0.62–5.18)	0.285	2.13 (0.65–7)	0.211
Disease history	1.11 (0.67–1.84)	0.677	1.23 (0.56–2.69)	0.602
HEI	0.92 (0.8–1.05)	0.221	0.85 (0.68–1.07)	0.178
Hemoglobin	1 (0.99–1.01)	0.704	1.01 (1–1.03)	0.103
WBC	0.95 (0.86–1.04)	0.272	0.97 (0.84–1.11)	0.654
NC	0.95 (0.87–1.04)	0.305	0.94 (0.81–1.09)	0.407
LC	0.9 (0.61–1.34)	0.607	1.05 (0.57–1.94)	0.873
MC	1.34 (0.56–3.2)	0.507	1.78 (0.56–5.64)	0.325
PLT	1 (1–1)	0.289	1 (1–1)	0.751
NLR	0.97 (0.92–1.02)	0.294	0.92 (0.82–1.04)	0.192
dNLR	0.76 (0.48–1.21)	0.251	0.01 (0–2.9)	0.114
MLR	1.32 (0.68–2.56)	0.409	1.39 (0.51–3.77)	0.519
nMLR	0.98 (0.93–1.02)	0.33	0.94 (0.84–1.04)	0.222
SIRI	0.99 (0.93–1.06)	0.822	1 (0.91–1.1)	0.983
Surgery time > 4h	2.03 (1.28–3.21)	0.003	1.87 (0.94–3.75)	0.076
Anesthesia time > 4h	1.85 (1.18–2.89)	0.007	2.97 (1.44–6.12)	0.003
PCIA	1.36 (0.6–3.07)	0.457	2.341 (0.64–8.63)	0.201

POD, postoperative delirium; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; HEI, Huaxi emotional-distress index; WBC, white blood cell count; NC, neutrophil count; LC, lymphocyte count; MC, monocyte count; PLT, platelet count; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; dNLR, derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; nMLR, neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio; SIRI, systemic inflammation response index; PCIA, patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.