Table 3.

Total P uptake (kg ha^-1), P uptake efficiency (PupE, kg ha^-1) and P recovery efficiency (PRE, kg ha^-1) of oat.

SD	FR	2022				2023
		P uptake		PupE	PRE	P uptake		PupE	PRE
		Heading stage	Maturity stage			Heading stage	Maturity stage
L	CK	8.97c	12.52c			7.49b	9.30b
	N2	10.25bc	14.73bc			10.92ab	15.84ab
	P2	12.73b	15.00b	0.17b	0.03b	10.00ab	14.52ab	0.16b	0.06c
	N1P2	16.42a	19.32a	0.21b	0.08ab	14.94a	20.32a	0.23b	0.12b
	N2P1	13.08ab	17.40ab	0.39a	0.11a	12.24ab	17.15ab	0.38a	0.17a
	N2P2	10.61bc	14.38bc	0.16b	0.02b	11.17ab	16.23ab	0.18b	0.08c
	Mean	12.01B	15.56B	0.15B	0.04B	11.13B	15.56B	0.16B	0.07A
M	CK	11.23c	11.64c			8.80c	15.45c
	N2	12.82bc	18.24bc			10.85bc	16.35c
	P2	14.71bc	16.08bc	0.18c	0.05c	11.07bc	13.45c	0.15c	-0.02c
	N1P2	25.30a	26.86a	0.30b	0.17ab	17.72a	32.86a	0.37b	0.19b
	N2P1	18.83ab	23.06ab	0.51a	0.25a	17.26a	28.33ab	0.63a	0.29a
	N2P2	16.34bc	20.97b	0.23bc	0.10bc	14.44ab	24.63bc	0.27c	0.10c
	Mean	16.54A	19.47A	0.20A	0.10A	13.36A	21.85A	0.24A	0.09A
H	CK	10.26b	13.34c			9.51c	8.96c
	N2	15.40ab	17.89abc			11.30bc	11.30b
	P2	15.69ab	15.67bc	0.17b	0.03c	12.91bc	9.77c	0.11b	0.01c
	N1P2	17.64a	24.09a	0.27b	0.12b	17.05a	20.41a	0.23b	0.13b
	N2P1	17.15a	20.77ab	0.46a	0.17a	14.72ab	19.61a	0.44a	0.24a
	N2P2	14.23ab	18.61abc	0.21b	0.06c	10.33c	12.50b	0.14b	0.04c
	Mean	15.06A	18.40AB	0.19A	0.06AB	12.64AB	13.76B	0.15B	0.07A
ANOVA	SD	**	*	*	*	*	**	**	ns
	FR	**	**	**	**	*	**	**	**
	SD*FR	*	*	ns	ns	*	*	ns	ns

Data represent the mean. Different lower-case letters denote significant differences within same sowing density (SD) for different fertilizer rates (FR; P< 0.05). Different upper-case letters denote significant differences for different sowing densities (P< 0.05).

L means low sowing density; M means moderate sowing density; H means high sowing density.

ANOVA indicates analysis of variance; ** indicates P< 0.01; * indicates P< 0.05; ns indicates no significance.