| Cl‑
|
crystallization |
extensive use of organic solvents, high selectivity of reaction
required |
easy operation in small scale |
|
| Cl‑
|
distillation |
sever process conditions, low HMF purity |
allow to increase
the overall yield of reaction |
|
| Cl‑
|
recirculation with acetone and CO2
|
usage of organic solvent
and high-pressure operations (undermines
ILs benefits) |
increase overall yield, simplified HMF
isolation |
|
| Cl‑
|
in situ conversion into FDCA |
low catalyst
recyclability |
allow to obtain directly a high value
product with high purity |
|
| [CF3SO3]‑, [(CF3SO2)2N]‑
|
in situ conversion into DFF |
low catalyst recyclability |
allow to achieve efficient
product separation with high purity
of the final product |
|
| [HSO4]‑
|
stripping with water |
very
low substrate loading, low yield of reaction |
allow to
obtain HMF in water phase directly from glucose to
be directly converted into FDCA |
|
