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. 2025 May 28;22(5):516–524. doi: 10.26599/1671-5411.2025.05.005

Table 1. Clinical characteristics, procedure-related data and geriatric profile in the whole cohort and according to the presence of clinical events during follow up.

Whole population
(n = 377)
Patients with mortality or readmission
(n = 110)
Patients without events
(n = 267)
P-value
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). ADL: activities of daily living; IF-VIG: frailty index based on comprehensive geriatric assessment; MNA-SF: mini nutritional assessment-short form.
Baseline clinical characteristics and procedure related data
Age 80.4 ± 6 80.2 ± 8 80.5 ± 5 0.819
Male gender 166 (44%) 56 (50.9%) 110 (41.2%) 0.018
Hypertension 327 (88.6%) 89 (84.8%) 238 (90.2%) 0.141
Diabetes mellitus 124 (33.6%) 44 (41.9%) 80 (30.3%) 0.023
Dyslipidiemia 290 (78.6%) 84 (80%) 206 (78%) 0.677
Active smoking 11 (2.9%) 4 (3.6%) 7 (2.6%) 0.162
Prior myocardial infarction 26 (7%) 12 (11.4%) 14 (5.3%) 0.044
Prior PCI 58 (15.7%) 21 (20%) 37 (14%) 0.154
Prior cardiac surgery 26 (7%) 6 (5.7%) 20 (7.6%) 0.528
Atrial fibrillation 95(25.2%) 32 (29.1%) 63 (23.6%) 0.207
Prior permanent pacemaker 26 (7%) 9 (8.6%) 17 (6.4%) 0.470
Prior stroke 24 (8.7%) 9 (11.7%) 15 (7.5%) 0.267
Peripheral artery disease 43 (11.7%) 15 (14.3%) 28 (10.6%) 0.326
COPD 39 (14.1%) 13 (16.9%) 26 (13%) 0.405
Chronic kidney disease 137 (37.3%) 43 (41%) 94 (35.9%) 0.364
LEVF 59% ± 9% 59% ± 10%) 59% ± 9% 0.703
Valve In valve 12 (3.3%) 2 (1.9%) 10 (3.8%) 0.283
Pacemaker requirement 65 (18.4%) 24 (23.5%) 41 (16.3%) 0.110
Geriatric assessment
ADL (Barthel Index) 0.283
Independent 232 (61.5%) 63 (57.3%) 169 (63.3%)
Mildly dependent 143 (37.9%) 46 (41.8%) 97 (36.3%)
Instrumental activities (Lawton-Brody index) 0.016
Independent 247 (65.5%) 72 (65.5%) 175 (65.5%)
Mildly dependent 92 (24.4%) 23 (20.9%) 69 (25.8%)
Moderately dependent 28 (7.4%) 7 (6.4%) 21 (7.9%)
Severely dependent 8 (2.1%) 6 (5.5%) 2 (0.7%)
Completely dependent 1 (0.3%) 1 (0.9%) 0
Cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer test) 0.133
None 353 (93.6%) 105 (95.5%) 248 (92.9%)
Mild or moderate 23 (6.1%) 4 (3.6%) 19 (7.1%)
Frailty (Fried criteria) 125 (33.2%) 42 (38.2%) 83 (31.1%) 0.183
Frailty (FRAIL scale) 67 (17.8%) 21 (19.1%) 46 (17.2%) 0.384
Frailty (IF-VIG) 73 (19.5%) 28 (25.7%) 45 (17%) 0.054
Frailty (Essential Frailty Toolset) 0.025
0-1 296 (80%) 79 (74.5%) 217 (82.2%)
2 59 (15.9%) 19 (17.9%) 40 (15.2%)
3 14 (3.8%) 7 (6.6%) 7 (2.7%)
4 1 (0.3%) 1 (0.9%) 0
Frailty (SPPB) 183 (49.2%) 62 (57.9%) 121 (45.7%) 0.032