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. 2025 Jul 1;24:736. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03393-2

Table 2.

Comparison of depression, anxiety and stress in different social-demographic subgroups

Variables Category N Depression Anxiety Stress
Gender Male 667 367(55.02) 373(55.92) 211(31.63)
Female 2308 903(39.12) 1043(45.19) 516(22.36)
x2 53.455 23.892 24.118
P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Location Village 1490 660(44.30) 750(50.34) 364(24.43)
Town 838 359(42.84) 403(48.09) 201(23.99)
City 647 251(38.79) 263(40.65) 162(25.04)
x2 5.59 17.084 0.219
P 0.061 <0.01 0.896
Family structure Original family 2611 1099(42.09) 1219(46.69) 622(23.82)
Single-parent family 224 111(49.55) 129(57.59) 74(33.03)
Reconstituted family 140 60(42.86) 68(48.57) 31(22.14)
x2 4.697 9.887 9.903
P 0.095 <0.01 <0.01
Only-Child Yes 948 398 437 241
No 2027 872 979 486
x2 0.283 1.254 0.731
P 0.594 0.263 0.393
Student leader Yes 734 307(41.83) 359(48.91) 175(23.84)
No 2241 963(42.97) 1057(47.17) 552(24.63)
x2 0.297 0.674 0.187
P 0.586 0.412 0.666
Parents-Student Relationship Bad 88 57(64.77) 59(67.05) 39(73.61)
Average 743 394(53.03) 421(56.66) 225(30.28)
Good 2144 819(38.20) 936(43.66) 463(21.59)
x2 67.669 51.17 41.964
P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Teacher-Student Relationship Bad 39 32(82.05) 32(82.05) 24(61.54)
Average 1248 651(52.16) 693(55.53) 354(28.36)
Good 1688 587(34.77) 691(40.94) 349(20.26)
x2 113.702 80.068 52.438
P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Adverse Childhood Experience Zero 1723 659(38.25) 733(42.54) 346(20.08)
One 658 274(41.64) 314(47.72) 166(25.23)
Two 306 156(50.98) 181(59.15) 88(28.75)
More than two types 288 181(62.85) 188(65.28) 127(44.09)
x2 70.623 70.127 81.306
P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01