Figure 2.
Antigen-presenting cells limit T cell proliferation by degrading tryptophan. Macrophages that have been cultivated in the presence of M-CSF can suppress the proliferation of activated T cells. This inhibition results from the tryptophan-degrading activity of the intracellular enzyme IDO. T cells are thus limited for tryptophan, and proliferation is blocked in the G1 stage of the cell cycle.