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. 2025 Jul 2;15:22564. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05493-0

Table 5.

Comparison of drift ratios by damage limit states.

Damage limit state Damage description Drift limit
HAZUS
17
Dutta and
Mander
18
HAZUS17
Dutta and
Mander18
Current test
(averaged)
2 Slight cracking, spalling 0.010 0.025
3 Moderate

loss of anchorage

core crushing

0.025 0.054
4 Extensive

buckling and fracture of

reinforcement

0.050 0.061