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. 2025 Jul 1;15:21796. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06863-4

Table 1.

Characteristics of the participants (n = 266).

Age 49.1 ± 10.5 [27–79, 48]
Sex (Male) 181 (68.0%)
Retina thickness
Center (µm) 237.8 ± 20.3 [186.7-296.7, 238.0]
Inner Temporal (µm) 305.4 ± 14.5 [255.0-343.4, 305.4]
Inner Superior (µm) 318.3 ± 14.5 [269.6-355.9, 317.9]
Inner Nasal (µm) 316.8 ± 15.2 [263.4-357.8, 317.9]
Inner Inferior (µm) 315.2 ± 14.4 [268.8-350.6, 314.8]
Outer Temporal (µm) 264.9 ± 12.4 [227.6-299.3; 265.1]
Outer Superior (µm) 276.1 ± 12.6 [227.1-318.7; 276.5]
Outer Nasal (µm) 293.1 ± 15.0 [239.3-340.1; 293.2]
Outer Inferior (µm) 262.8 ± 13.1 [218.0-302.3; 263.7]
Systemic data
Hemoglobin A1c (%) 5.8 ± 0.6 [4.5–9.8, 5.7]
Creatinine (mg/dL) 0.74 ± 0.19 [0.30–3.29, 0.73]
Triglycerides (mg/dL) 150.3 ± 108.3 [27–500, 115]
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) 203.0 ± 41.8 [98–389, 203.5]
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) 56.6 ± 15.7 [31–110, 53]
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) 121.8 ± 36.9 [20–319, 120]

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation [range, median]. Retinal thicknesses of the right eyes were analyzed using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid chart (center, inner, and outer circles) in optical coherence tomography images.