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. 2025 Jul 1;15:21156. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08242-5

Table 5.

Interaction effect of A/V ratio and content complexity on program satisfaction.

Variable Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Constant 5.199*** 5.342*** 5.337***
(0.127) (0.136) (0.136)
Control variables Entered Entered Entered
Independent variables
Content complexity  − 0.045**  − 0.043**
(0.015) (0.015)
A/V ratio  − 0.001  − 0.208*
(0.010) (0.090)
(Content complexity) × (A/V ratio) 0.077*
(0.033)
F-Statistics 28.909*** 24.954*** 23.508***
Adjusted R-Square 0.155 0.159 0.161
ΔAdjusted R-Square 2.52% 1.51%
Degrees of Freedom 1513 1511 1510

N = 1524.

The dependent variable (DV): Program satisfaction.

Standard errors in parentheses.

*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < .05; † p < .1.