Table 2.

Comparison of related work and proposed work.

Study	Key focus	Access method	Optimization type	Interference management	Spectral efficiency
Al-Hourani et al. (2014)24	Optimal UAD deployment to enhance coverage	Orthogonal Access	Fixed UAD Placement and Trajectory Optimization	Limited, focused on deployment	Moderate
Gupta et al. (2015)26	Survey of UAV communication issues	Orthogonal Access	Survey on power adjustments	Dynamic power allocation for interference	Moderate
Lu et al. (2023)25	Interference management in UAD	Orthogonal Access	Power Control for Interference Management	Extensive interference mitigation	Moderate
Tang & Chen (2024)27	NOMA for UAV-assisted networks	NOMA	Power Allocation	Improved inter-UAD interference management	High
Jia et al. (2021)28	Energy-efficient power allocation in UAV networks	NOMA	Power and Bandwidth Allocation	Energy-efficient interference management	High
Zhai et al. (2022)29	UAD placement with NOMA	NOMA	Placement and Resource Management	Integrated interference and energy considerations	High
Sehito et al. (2024)30	User association and power optimization	NOMA	Joint Optimization (User Association, Power)	Moderate inter- and intra-UAD interference handling	High
Xi et al. (2021)31	Energy-efficient resource allocation for NOMA	NOMA	Joint Resource Allocation	Focus on energy efficiency, limited interference	High
Proposed Work	Joint UAD-user association and power optimization	NOMA	Sequential Joint Optimization	Comprehensive inter- and intra-UAD interference management	Very high