Fig. 1.

Drawings depict the typical embryological development of the pancreas. The ventral pancreatic bud (marked with arrowheads in a and b) originates from the hepatic diverticulum, while the dorsal pancreatic bud (indicated by arrows in a and b) emerges from the dorsal mesogastrium. c Duodenal expansion induces the ventral pancreatic bud to rotate, pass posterior to the duodenum from right to left, and fuse with the dorsal pancreatic bud. d Ultimately, the ducts of both the ventral and dorsal pancreas unite, with the majority of pancreatic secretions being drained through the ventral duct, completing the developmental process. e Complete form of dorsal pancreatic agenesis. f Partial form of dorsal pancreatic agenesis