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. 2025 Jul 4;26:82. doi: 10.1186/s12910-025-01249-7

Table 4.

Ordinal regression results for assessing the factors affecting knowledge levels, attitudes and concerns

Domain* Factor ß SE p**
Knowledge levels Age (per year increase) −0.1835 0.1303 0.159
Years as physician (per year increase) 0.0936 0.1174 0.425
Years in oncology (per year increase) 0.0270 0.0752 0.719
Educational and academic status (compared to associate professor)
 Assistant professor 0.8900 11.048 0.420
 Professor 11.068 0.7912 0.162
 Specialist −0.3128 0.6078 0.607
 Resident, fellow −0.9552 0.6371 0.134
Will to receive AI education (yes vs. no) −0.6132 0.7887 0.437
AI education status (any vs. none) 30.534 0.6404  <.001
Concern levels Age (per year increase) −0.0875 0.1004 0.384
Years as physician (per year increase) 0.0239 0.0922 0.796
Years in oncology (per year increase) 0.0175 0.0544 0.747
Educational and academic status (compared to associate professor)
 Assistant professor −0.7438 11.487 0.517
 Professor 0.1743 0.7193 0.809
 Specialist −0.0620 0.5116 0.904
 Resident, fellow −0.6821 0.5423 0.208
Will to receive AI education (yes vs. no) −0.7755 0.7440 0.298
AI education status (any vs. none) −0.5828 0.6318 0.356
Knowledge levels (per one point increase in Likert scale) 0.0384 0.1992 0.847
Attitude levels Age (per year increase) 0.0637 0.1084 0.557
Years as physician (per year increase) −0.0361 0.0991 0.715
Years in oncology (per year increase) −0.0118 0.0660 0.858
Educational and academic status (compared to associate professor)
 Assistant professor 0.0704 11.448 0.951
 Professor −0.4625 0.7904 0.558
 Specialist −0.1383 0.5611 0.805
 Resident, fellow −0.1709 0.5977 0.775
Will to receive AI education (yes vs. no) 13.143 0.6688 0.049
AI education status (any vs. none) 12.928 0.6565 0.049
Knowledge levels (per one point increase in Likert scale) 0.3899 0.2009 0.052

AI Artificial intelligence, ß Beta estimate in ordinal regression, SE Standard error

*Domains are evaluated with median of each component of Likert scales. One-point increase indicates higher knowledge levels and concerns and more positive attitudes

**Significant p-values are shown in bold