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Cumulative mean and standard deviation of the four engagement dimensions.
| Engagement | Group | Pretest | Posttest | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Behavioral | PBL | 3.820 | 0.614 | 4.617 | 0.523 |
| CTM | 3.787 | 0.535 | 3.830 | 0.384 | |
| Emotional | PBL | 3.751 | 0.698 | 4.106 | 0.586 |
| CTM | 3.745 | 0.721 | 3.958 | 0.569 | |
| Cognitive | PBL | 3.714 | 0.736 | 3.969 | 0.618 |
| CTM | 3.707 | 0.706 | 3.713 | 0.549 | |
| Agentic | PBL | 3.612 | 0.298 | 3.637 | 0.616 |
| CTM | 3.609 | 0.276 | 3.613 | 0.401 | |
