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. 2025 Jun 27;12:1621658. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1621658

Figure 2.

Graphs show the association between different anthropometric indices and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Panels A to H represent WWI, CI, ABSI, BRI, WHtR, BMI, WC, and WT, respectively. Each graph includes a blue curve with shaded areas indicating the confidence intervals. Vertical and horizontal dashed lines represent reference points. P-values for non-linearity and overall models are noted.

Smooth curve fitting models evaluated the correlation between eight anthropometric indices and PD. Adjusted smooth curve fitting models adjusted for age, sex, race, marital status, family income, educational level, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, physical activity, coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. The blue line illustrates the smoothed curve that fits the data points, while the light blue shaded areas indicate the 95% CI around the fit. (A) Smooth curve fitting model of WWI. (B) Smooth curve fitting model of CI. (C) Smooth curve fitting model of ABSI. (D) Smooth curve fitting model of BRI. (E) Smooth curve fitting model of WHtR. (F) Smooth curve fitting model of BMI. (G) Smooth curve fitting model of WC. (H) Smooth curve fitting model of WT.