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. 2005 Sep 7;102(38):13521–13525. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506179102

Table 1. Time series models for boreal North America (total) and the two dominant boreal vegetation cover types, tundra and forest.

Boreal NA Tundra Forest
Model type (1102 × 106 ha) (142 × 106 ha) (260 × 106 ha)
Stationary with trend 162 (14.7%) 27.1 (19.1%) 30.9 (11.9%)
Stationary no trend 378 (34.3%) 45.1 (31.8%) 87.9 (33.9%)
Random walk with drift 349 (31.7%) 34.2 (24.1%) 100.7 (38.8%)
Random walk no drift 213 (19.3%) 35.3 (24.9%) 40.0 (15.4%)