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. 2005 Sep 12;102(38):13517–13520. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506414102

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Relationship between impervious surface and mean annual concentration of chloride in streams of the Baltimore LTER site during a 5-year period (R2 = 0.81). Sites are located along a gradient of urbanization. Dashed lines indicate thresholds for damage to some land plants and for chronic toxicity to sensitive freshwater life (6, 8).