Table 2.
Repeated-measure ANOVA on the effectiveness of the yoga intervention on pre- (time point 1), mid- (time point 2), and postintervention (time point 3) scores on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey domainsa.
| Variable and time point | Yoga intervention group, mean (SD) | Waitlist control group, mean (SD) | Partial η2b | F test (df; group × time)c | |
| Physical functioning | 0.843 | 316.31 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 39.63 (8.31) | 48.06 (4.60) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 61.12 (14.32) | 40.00 (8.91) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 87.01 (13.95) | 36.19. 13.02 |
|
|
| Role limitation—physical | 0.768 | 195.72 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 29.48 (9.65) | 29.03 (9.38) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 49.63 (20.17) | 19.78 (11.12) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 84.70 (18.44) | 11.57 (18.11) |
|
|
| Bodily pain | 0.594 | 86.41 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 14.43 (17.62) | 18.90 (16.64) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 53.23 (20.15) | 22.88 (24.07) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 92.03 (15.45) | 23.38 (27.83) |
|
|
| General health perceptions | 0.826 | 279.54 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 35.75 (4,62) | 36.12 (5.21) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 65.75 (8.75) | 27.76 (11.08) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 78.13 (12.34) | 22.31 (15.77) |
|
|
| Energy and vitality | 0.863 | 371.73 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 43.91 (4.34) | 46.42 (2.90) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 51.40 (10.84) | 35.13 (12.28) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 83.55 (8.57) | 30.30 (14.82) |
|
|
| Role limitations—emotional | 0.850 | 335.45 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 45.14 (6.13) | 46.08 (5.84) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 63.24 (14.41) | 38.99 (17.47) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 88.61 (9.41) | 25.56 (13.48) |
|
|
| Social functioning | 0.803 | 240.96 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 42.46 (4.07) | 43.02 (3.70) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 51.64 (12.36) | 31.23 (9.04) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 84.62 (18.65) | 22.91 (14.37) |
|
|
| Mental health | 0.878 | 425.88 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 48.88 (4.50) | 50.15 (5.14) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 72.39 (16.15) | 35.67 (12.67) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 88.43 (6.46) | 28.06 (14.19) |
|
|
| Overall score | 0.930 | 840.31 (2,118) | |||
|
|
1 | 299.68 (23.98) | 317.78 (26.29) |
|
|
|
|
2 | 468.40 (58.36) | 251.45 (54.94) |
|
|
|
|
3 | 687.12 (40.07) | 200.28 (91.46) |
|
|
aMean scores for each domain closer to 0 indicate the worst possible health, and mean scores closer to 100 indicate the best possible health. Overall scores were calculated as an aggregate of individual domains.
bEffect size.
cANOVA test statistic, significant at P<.001 (all domains).