Characteristic | No COVID‐19 | Uncomplicated COVID‐19 | Complicated COVID‐19 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age | 51.64 | 60.13 | 63.78 | 0.001 |
Age category (years) | 0.001 | |||
18–45 | 39.20% | 17.30% | 8.90% | |
45–65 | 32.00% | 41.30% | 37.30% | |
> 65 | 28.80% | 41.40% | 53.80% | |
Gender | 0.012 | |||
Male | 43.00% | 44.80% | 49.60% | |
Female | 57.00% | 55.20% | 50.40% | |
Race | 0.877 | |||
White | 74.70% | 75.40% | 76.60% | |
Black | 11.80% | 11.50% | 9.70% | |
Hispanics | 7.00% | 6.90% | 7.60% | |
Others | 6.50% | 6.20% | 6.00% | |
Insurance status | 0.001 | |||
Medicare | 38.30% | 48.90% | 59.80% | |
Medicaid | 17.40% | 10.40% | 6.80% | |
Private insurance | 40.30% | 38.60% | 32.60% | |
Self‐pay | 4.00% | 2.10% | 0.80% | |
Elixhauser comorbidity index | 0.001 | |||
0 | 12.80% | 5% | 1% | |
1 | 18.10% | 15.40% | 4.70% | |
2 | 18.70% | 20.20% | 10.20% | |
3 or more | 50.40% | 59.00% | 83.70% | |
Median household income in patient's ZIP code (quartile) | 0.001 | |||
1st (0–25) | 24.90% | 26.70% | 28.90% | |
2nd (26–50) | 25.70% | 27.30% | 26.00% | |
3rd (51–75) | 25.00% | 26.30% | 27.60% | |
4th (76–100) | 24.40% | 19.70% | 17.50% | |
Hospital bed size | 0.001 | |||
Small | 22.10% | 28.00% | 24.70% | |
Medium | 26.80% | 27.30% | 33.60% | |
Large | 51.10% | 44.70% | 41.70% | |
Hospital teaching status | 0.001 | |||
Non‐teaching | 23.20% | 31.10% | 31.20% | |
Teaching | 76.80% | 68.90% | 68.80% | |
Hospital location | 0.001 | |||
Rural | 6.90% | 11.90% | 12.90% | |
Urban | 93.10% | 88.10% | 87.10% | |
Anemia | 36.10% | 20.10% | 33.60% | 0.001 |
DM | 16.80% | 27.50% | 33.60% | 0.001 |
HTN | 41.20% | 55.90% | 68.00% | 0.001 |
Smoking | 38.60% | 36.70% | 32.80% | 0.016 |
Obesity | 14.40% | 24.60% | 37.00% | 0.001 |
CKD/ESRD | 11.90% | 14.40% | 17.30% | 0.001 |
CHF | 8.00% | 8.10% | 18.90% | 0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 23.30% | 36.40% | 38.60% | 0.001 |
Malnutrition | 13.40% | 5.90% | 13.90% | 0.001 |
COPD | 10.60% | 15.00% | 22.60% | 0.001 |
Cancer | 10.60% | 40.20% | 60.40% | 0.001 |
Chronic lung disease | 19.50% | 27.20% | 32.60% | 0.001 |
Cirrhosis | 3.30% | 2.30% | 3.20% | 0.065 |
Steroid use | 6.00% | 5.50% | 6.60% | 0.605 |
Contraceptive use | 0.03% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.745 |
Vasculitides | 2.40% | 2.20% | 2.60% | 0.985 |
Carotid atherosclerotic disease | 0.60% | 0.20% | 1.10% | 0.03 |
Renal atherosclerotic disease | 0.10% | 0.10% | 0.00% | 0.812 |
HIV | 0.70% | 0.50% | 0.30% | 0.436 |
Peripheral artery disease | 2.60% | 2.50% | 4.20% | 0.124 |
Coronary artery disease | 10.10% | 15.60% | 16.80% | 0.001 |