| ADCC | Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity |
| ADO | Adenosine |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| AXL | Tyrosine–protein kinase receptor AXL |
| Bcl2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 |
| CADM1 | Cell adhesion molecule 1 |
| CAIX | Carbonic anhydrase IX |
| CAR | Chimeric antigen receptor |
| CAR-M | CAR–macrophage |
| CBLB | Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene B |
| CCCR | Chimeric costimulatory converting receptor |
| cDC1 | Conventional type 1 dendritic cell |
| CD28H | CD28 homologue |
| CD3ζ | CD3 zeta chain |
| cGMP | Cyclic GMP-AMP |
| CIML | Cytokine-induced memory-like |
| CISH | Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein |
| CRISPR | Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| CRS | Cytokine release syndrome |
| CTLA4 | Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 |
| CXCR3/4 | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3/4 |
| DAP10 | DNAX-activating protein 10 |
| DLL3 | Delta-like ligand 3 |
| DNAM-1 | DNAX accessory molecule |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix components |
| EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
| ERK | Extracellular signal regulated kinase |
| EpCAM | Epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| FasL | Fas ligand |
| GBM | Glioblastoma |
| GD2 | Disialoganglioside |
| GCP3 | Gamma-Tubulin complex protein |
| GSC | Glioblastoma stem cells |
| GvHD | Graft-versus-host disease |
| haNKs | High-affinity NKs |
| HER1/2 | Human epidermal growth factor 1/2 |
| HLA | Human leukocyte antigen |
| HSC | Haematopoietic stem cells |
| IFNγ | Interferon gamma |
| iKIRS | Inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor |
| iPSC | Induced pluripotent stem cells |
| ICAM1 | Intracellular adhesion molecule |
| ICANS | Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome |
| ICI | Immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| IL | Interleukin |
| ILC3 | Innate lymphoid cell type 3 |
| iRC9 | Rapamycin-regulated Caspase-9 |
| ITIM | Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif |
| KIR | Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor |
| LAG-3 | Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 |
| LFA-1 | Leukocyte function-associated molecule |
| MMP | Matrix metalloprotease |
| MICA/B | HLA class I related molecules |
| MSLN | Mesothelin |
| MUC1 | Mucin 1 |
| NCAM | Neural cell adhesion molecule |
| NCR | Natural cytotoxicity receptors |
| NFAT | Nuclear factor of activated T cells |
| NK | Natural killer |
| NKG2 | Natural killer group 2 |
| NKG2D | Natural killer group 2 membrane D |
| NR3C1 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member |
| OV | Oncolytic viruses |
| PB | Peripheral blood |
| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein |
| PDL-1/2 | PD-1/2 ligand |
| PI | Proteasome inhibitors |
| PSCA | Prostate stem cell antigen |
| PSMA | Prostate-specific membrane antigen |
| PTT | Photothermal therapy |
| PTX | Paclitaxel |
| RCC | Renal cell carcinoma |
| ROBO1 | Roundabout guidance receptor 1 |
| ROR1 | Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 |
| scFv | Single-chain variable fragment |
| SHP1 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| STING | Stimulator of interferon genes |
| synNotch | Synthetic Notch receptor |
| TF | Tissue factor |
| TGFβ | Transforming growth factor-β |
| TIGIT | T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM motifs |
| TIM-3 | T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 |
| TKI | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| TNBC | Triple-negative breast cancer |
| TME | Tumour microenvironment |
| TRAIL | TNF-related apoptosis-induced ligand |
| TROP2 | Trophoblast antigen 2 |
| UCB | Umbilical cord blood |
| ULBP | UL16-binding protein |
| A-GD2 | Disialoganglioside 2 |
| 5T4 | Trophoblast glycoprotein |