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. 2025 Jun 26;26(13):6156. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136156
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH antidiuretic hormone
AMH anti-Mullerian hormone
BPA bisphenol A
BTB blood–testes barrier
CaSRs calcium-sensing receptors
CAT catalase
COCs cumulus–oocyte complexes
CRH corticotropin-releasing hormone
deio2 deiodinase type 2
EDCs endocrine-disrupting chemicals
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone
GH growth hormone
GHRH growth-hormone-releasing hormone
GnRH gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GPx glutathione peroxidase
GSH glutathione
HPG hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal
HPA hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
HPT hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid
LH luteinizing hormone
MDA malondialdehyde
MNPs micro- and nanoplastics
MP microplastic
MPs microplastics
MSH melanocyte-stimulating hormone
NIS sodium–iodine symporter
NP PS nanoplastic–polystyrene
NPs nanoplastics
Nrf2 nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2
PBDEs polybrominated diphenyl ethers
PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls
PE polyethylene
PP polypropylene
PRL prolactin
PS polystyrene
PTH parathyroid hormone
ROS reactive oxygen species
SCTD subclinical thyroid disease
SOD superoxide dismutase
SOD2 superoxide dismutase
T3 triiodothyronine
T4 thyroxine
TBT tributyltin
TDCs thyroid-disrupting chemicals
TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone
nkx2.1 NK2 homeobox 1