ADF	Alternate-day fasting
AKT	Protein kinase B
AST	Aspartate transaminase
BDI-2	Beck Depression Inventory-2
BDN	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
BHB	Beta-hydroxybutyrate
DHEA	Dehydroepiandrosterone
FFA	Free fatty acids
FSH	Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH	Growth hormone
GnRH	Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GSK	Glycogen synthase kinase
HbA1c	Hemoglobine A1c
HDL-C	High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol
HLD	Hyperlipidemia
HOMA-IR	Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance
HTN	Hypertension
IF	Intermittent fasting
IGF-1	Insulin-like growth factor type 1
IGFBP-1	Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 1
IGFBP-2	Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 2
IL-1	Interleukin 1
IL-6	Interleukin 6
IL-8	Interleukin 8
LDL-C	Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol
LH	Luteinizing hormone
MAPKs	Mitogen-activated protein kinases
MASLD	Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
MKP-1	Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
PTSF	Periodic short-term fasting
RER	Respiratory exchange ratio
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SHBG	Sex hormone-binding globulin
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
T1DM	Type 1 diabetes mellitus
T2DM	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
T3	Triiodothyronine
TC	Total cholesterol
TGs	Triglycerides
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TRE	Time-restricted eating
WHO	World Health Organization