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. 2025 Jul 13;15:25324. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10890-6

Table 5.

Variables score in different potential profiles of social participation.

Individual participant type
(n = 163)
Group participant type
(n = 331)
Low participant type
(n = 1844)
Full participant type
(n = 50)
F P
Health status 2.79 ± 0.07 2.77 ± 0.05 2.60 ± 0.02 2.80 ± 0.13 4.843 0.001
Lonely 1.49 ± 0.07 1.62 ± 0.06 1.65 ± 0.02 1.68 ± 0.15 1.197 0.316
Depression 17.33 ± 0.50 18.90 ± 0.35 19.18 ± 0.05 17.96 ± 0.88 4.398 0.004
ADL 5.67 ± 0.06 5.64 ± 0.05 5.25 ± 0.03 5.60 ± 0.13 14.25  < 0.0001
IADL 5.69 ± 0.07 5.37 ± 0.07 4.94 ± 0.04 5.50 ± 0.12 20.58  < 0.0001