1.

(a,c) Electrophoretic mobilities and (b,d) stability ratios of PB as a function of the salt concentration adjusted with different electrolytes. The solid lines for mobility data just serve to guide the eyes, while those for stability ratios were calculated with eq . (e) Relative CCC values (normalized to the CCC obtained in the presence of KCl) as a function of the ionic valence. The solid lines indicate the direct (for n = 1.6 and 6.5 in eq ) Schulze–Hardy rules. (f) Dependence of the CCC on the charge density at the slip plane, which was normalized with the stoichiometric coefficient and the valence of the electrolytes. Data points refer to experimental CCC values, while the solid line was calculated by eq 7, showing a theoretical relation between surface charge density and CCC.