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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot. 2025 May;2025:1437–1443. doi: 10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063102

TABLE II.

Pain Difference (Exo Minus Bare)

SA SD RA RD STS-D STS-A LW Avg.
Subj. 1 −1 −1 −1 −2 0 0 0 −0.71
Subj. 2 −1 −1 −1 −2 −1 −2 0 −1.14
Subj. 3 −2 1 −1 −2 −1 0 0 −0.71
Subj. 4 0 0 0 −1 −2 −1 −1 −0.71
Avg. −1 −0.25 −0.75 −1.75 −1 −0.75 −0.25 −0.82