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. 2002 Mar 19;99(6):3818–3823. doi: 10.1073/pnas.062605899

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Loss of first-phase and blunted second-phase insulin secretion in response to glucose. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was measured as described in Materials and Methods. (Left) Acute insulin secretion responses. (Right) Insulin levels over a 2-h period after glucose challenge. The data of Left and Right were collected independently and mice were allowed to recover for 1 week. Wt mice are shown in black (□), Hnf-1α+/− in green (○), Pdx-1+/− in red (⋄), Pdx-1+/−/Hnf-1α+/− in blue (▵), and Pdx-1+/−/Hnf-3β+/− in purple (▿). (A) Male and female Pdx-1+/−/Hnf-1α+/− mutant mice show a complete loss of acute-phase insulin response and a blunted second-phase insulin response. (B) Selective loss of acute-phase insulin secretion in Pdx-1+/−/Hnf-3β+/− mutant mice compared with Pdx-1+/− littermates. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.005; ****, P ≤ 0.0001.