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[Preprint]. 2025 Jul 11:2025.07.10.663559. [Version 1] doi: 10.1101/2025.07.10.663559

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Figure 4. — Independent modulation of spikes and HGA. a, Trial-averaged, normalized spike rate and HGA recorded on an example CE during the last 2 s of hand control when the monkey was acquiring the correct target. Shaded areas: standard error. b, Same as a, but for ONF control. Solid lines: spike target trials; Dashed lines: HG target trials; turquoise: HGA on the CE; magenta: spike rate on the CE; Shaded areas: standard error. c, Median (±IQR) correlation (R) between spike rates and HGA in hand control trials (green) and ONF control trials (red) for all monkey-CE combinations (letter-number). Each dot represents one trial. Correlations decreased significantly on all electrodes (***p<0.005, two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test). d, Polar plot of the 2D distributions of mean (±s.d.) spike-HG angles of 20 time bins (1 s) preceding the reward time during all ONF (red) and hand control (green) from the proficient sessions over all monkey-CE combinations. Orange sector: HG+ state; blue sector: SP+ state. Gray sector: state at which both signals had high modulation.