Figure 5.

Neural spiking patterns across the array during ONF. a, b, Trial-averaged, z-scored spike rates (a, magenta) and HGA on the CE (b, green) and non-CEs (gray) during the last 2 s of all the spike target trials of ONF control, aligned to reward onset. c, d same as a,b for all the HG target trials of ONF control. Data c, d same as a,b for all the HG target trials of ONF control. Data of each electrode in a-d were z-scored by the population mean and standard deviation. Shaded area highlights the neural activities during the last second of the trial. e, f Trial-averaged, z-scored spike rates over the last 1 s of spike target trials (e) and HG target trials (f) of ONF control in each array of two example monkey-CE combinations. White squares denote shunted electrodes (see Methods). CEs are outlined in green. g, Correlation coefficient (R) between CE HGA and the CE distance-weighted sum of spikes (CE DWSS, red bar), the mean (±s.d.) R between CE HGA and DWSS of 20 randomly selected electrodes (rand DWSS, grey bar; each dot is one R with one electrode), as well as the mean (±s.d.) R between HGA and DWSS pairs from 20 randomly selected electrodes excluding the CE (non-CE, light blue bar). The R value between CE HGA and CE DWSS was not significantly larger than those between CE HGA and random DWSS, or than those between non-CE and DWSS (n.s., one-sample, one-sided Mann-Whitney U test). Insets: the weights used to compute the CE DWSS. e-g, Top row: monkey C, CE 63; Bottom row: monkey J, CE 52.