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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jul 16.
Published in final edited form as: Mitochondrial Commun. 2025 Mar 26;3:26–43. doi: 10.1016/j.mitoco.2025.03.001

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Mitochondrial responses to the induced MT-ND5 heteroplasmy. A) Relative Complex I activity normalized to citrate synthase activity on day 6 and day 11, at heteroplasmy levels of 34 % and 30 % respectively. B) Relative Complex IV activity normalized to citrate synthase activity. C) MitoSOX median integrated fluorescence (MIF) across treatment on day 8, day 16, and day 18, at the heteroplasmy levels of 33 %, 21 %, and 20 %, respectively. Higher MitoSOX fluorescence indicates a higher mitochondrial ROS level. D) Mitochondrial membrane potential for all treatment groups on day 12, day 18, and day 20, at heteroplasmy level of 30 %, 20 %, and 19 %, respectively. MIF: median integrated fluorescence. E) Representative images for mitochondrial morphology analysis. F) Mean aspect ratio of the identified mitochondria. G) Total branch length per mitochondria. All figures with error bars are mean±sem.