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. 2002 Apr 16;99(8):5034–5039. doi: 10.1073/pnas.082634799

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic outline of the object assembly procedure. (1) Local modification of individual objects with molecular surface layers (A, A′, B, and B′). (2) Preassembly of the modified objects under the control of specific attractions between corresponding surface layers (A, A′, B, and B′). (3) Permanent fixation of the assembly structure through covalent bond formation between the layers after activation (e.g., by light, heat, or chemical agents).