Table 3.
Number of errors made in root canal treatments performed according to nationality.
| Type of treatment | French (n = 183) | Spanish (n = 51) | Italian (n = 73) | Others (n = 12) | Total (N = 319) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single root canals with errors | ||||||
| 0 (n, %) | 14 (10.45) | 5 (22.73) | 5 (12.82) | 0 (0.00) | — | — |
| 1 (n, %) | 120 (89.55) | 17 (77.27) | 34 (87.18) | 8 (100.00) | — | — |
| Total with errors (%, per group) | 120 (65.57) | 17 (33.33) | 34 (46.58) | 8 (66.67) | 179 (56.11) | 0.279 |
| Biradicular root canals with errors | ||||||
| 0 (n, %) | 2 (1.53) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | — | — |
| 1 (n, %) | 129 (98.47) | 22 (100.00) | 38 (100.00) | 6 (100.00) | — | — |
| Total with errors (%, per group) | 129 (70.49) | 22 (43.14) | 38 (52.05) | 6 (50.00) | 195 (61.13) | 0.798 |
| Multiple root canals with errors | ||||||
| 0 (n, %) | 1 (0.76) | 1 (4.55) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (12.50) | — | — |
| 1 (n, %) | 99 (75.00) | 15 (68.18) | 30 (81.08) | 6 (75.00) | — | — |
| 2 (n, %) | 32 (24.24) | 6 (27.27) | 7 (18.92) | 1 (12.50) | — | — |
| Total with errors by nationality (%, per group) | 163 (89.07) | 27 (52.94) | 44 (60.27) | 8 (66.67) | 242 (75.86) | 0.586 |
Note: Frequencies represent the number (%) of students who made errors during the corresponding root canal treatments. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to assess differences in the number of errors by nationality. p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.