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. 2025 Jul 4;13:1588041. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1588041

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Copyright © 2025 Zhang, Li and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel A shows a line graph illustrating the importance scores from Boruta feature filtering across 100 classifier runs, with green for confirmed, yellow for tentative, red for rejected, and blue for shadow. Panel B displays a box plot of importance scores for various variables, categorized by confirmed (red), shadowMax (green), shadowMean (blue), and shadowMin (purple). The x-axis lists variable names, and the y-axis represents importance scores. — Boruta algorithm feature screening plot. (A) Boruta feature screening importance score plot. (B) Corresponding importance box plots for each variable of Boruta feature screening.