Table 3.
Comparisons between different subgroups based on LCA
| Data values show M ± SD, or number (%) | Robust | Visual impairment | PCD with sensory impairment | Depression with cognitive impairment | Impairments in all domains | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 26883 | 5395 | 2957 | 1932 | 826 | |
| Age (years) | 72.5 ± 6.1 | 72.9 ± 6.4 | 78.5 ± 7.7 | 73.7 ± 6.5 | 78.8 ± 7.7 | <0.01 |
| 65–69 | 10689 (39.8) | 2055 (38.1) | 462 (15.6) | 631 (32.7) | 118 (14.3) | <0.01 |
| 70–74 | 7599 (28.3) | 1468 (27.2) | 526 (17.8) | 520 (26.9) | 142 (17.2) | |
| 75–79 | 4755 (17.7) | 990 (18.4) | 590 (20.0) | 385 (19.9) | 183 (22.2) | |
| 80–84 | 2566 (9.6) | 570 (10.6) | 685 (23.2) | 274 (14.2) | 174 (21.1) | |
| ±85 | 1274 (4.7) | 312 (5.8) | 694 (23.5) | 122 (6.3) | 209 (25.3) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 10637 (39.6) | 2057 (38.1) | 1243 (42.0) | 637 (33.0) | 295 (35.7) | <0.01 |
| Female | 16246 (60.4) | 3338 (61.9) | 1714 (58.0) | 1295 (67.0) | 531 (64.3) | |
| Institution receiving IC assessment | ||||||
| Outpatient | 12761 (47.5) | 2937 (54.5) | 1405 (47.5) | 946 (49.0) | 430 (52.1) | <0.01 |
| Health examination | 1402 (5.2) | 593 (11.0) | 285 (9.6) | 146 (7.6) | 80 (9.7) | |
| Community-based screening | 8930 (33.2) | 1431 (26.5) | 1026 (34.7) | 704 (36.4) | 273 (33.0) | |
| Others | 3790 (14.1) | 434 (8.0) | 241 (8.2) | 136 (7.0) | 43 (5.2) | |
| Assessment of IC impairment | ||||||
| Cognitive impairment | 3091 (11.5) | 969 (18.0) | 2209 (74.7) | 724 (37.5) | 704 (85.2) | <0.01 |
| Limited mobility | 1136 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2166 (73.3) | 282 (14.6) | 679 (82.2) | <0.01 |
| Malnutrition | 0 (0.0) | 784 (14.5) | 0 (0.0) | 535 (27.7) | 442 (53.5) | <0.01 |
| Visual impairment | 0 (0.0) | 4835 (89.6) | 1099 (37.2) | 289 (15.0) | 461 (53.5) | <0.01 |
| Hearing loss | 1345 (5.0) | 738 (13.7) | 1665 (56.3) | 0 (0.0) | 345 (41.8) | <0.01 |
| Depressive symptoms | 0 (0.0) | 453 (8.4) | 86 (2.9) | 1710 (88.5) | 622 (75.3) | <0.01 |
*ANOVA test for continuous variables and Chi-square test or Fisher exact test for categorical variable; IC, intrinsic capacity; PCD, physio-cognitive decline