Table 4.

The association between IC impairment subgroups and medication use

	OR	95% CI	p-value	aOR	95% CI	p-value
Excess polypharmacy
Robust	ref	-	-	ref	-	-
Visual impairment	2.53	2.13–3.01	<0.01	2.42	2.03–2.88	<0.01
PCD with sensory impairment	4.87	4.09–5.79	<0.01	3.97	3.29–4.78	<0.01
Depression with cognitive impairment	4.36	3.53–5.39	<0.01	4.35	3.52–5.39	<0.01
Impairments in all domains	10.96	8.80–13.66	<0.01	9.02	7.16–11.37	<0.01
Potentially inappropriate medications
Robust	ref	-	-	ref	-	-
Visual impairment	1.91	1.78–2.04	<0.01	1.79	1.67–1.92	<0.01
PCD with sensory impairment	2.04	1.87–2.23	<0.01	1.94	1.77–2.12	<0.01
Depression with cognitive impairment	2.82	2.55–3.11	<0.01	2.73	2.46–3.02	<0.01
Impairments in all domains	4.08	3.54–4.70	<0.01	3.75	3.24–4.34	<0.01
Adverse drug reactions
Robust	ref	-	-	ref	-	-
Visual impairment	2.91	2.56–3.32	<0.01	2.69	2.36–3.06	<0.01
PCD with sensory impairment	3.22	2.77–3.78	<0.01	2.96	2.52–3.49	<0.01
Depression with cognitive impairment	6.26	5.39–7.28	<0.01	6.00	5.16–6.98	<0.01
Impairments in all domains	10.53	8.77–12.65	<0.01	9.45	7.81–11.44	<0.01

aOR= adjusted odds ratio from the multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, and institution receiving IC assessment; IC, intrinsic capacity; PCD, physio-cognitive impairment