Table 1. Comparison of five projects in WISEWORK-C. [JEM=job exposure matrices; cRCT=cluster randomized controlled trial].

Project	Context	Methods	Sectors and countries	Trial registration	Key stakeholders	Key outcomes
EU-CoWork	New ways of working might benefit or harm the health and well-being of employees faced with serious illness, loss or caregiving and their colleagues	Co-creative and developmental evaluation of 'compassionate workplace programs' and mixed-methods (meta-)process and impact evaluation	Primary, secondary and tertiary sectors (Austria, Belgium, Greece, Sweden)	Not applicable, no trial design	Employees, workplaces, unions and labor organizations, researchers, policy-makers and regulators society.	Reducing health-related suffering and maintaining or improving the well-being of workers with end-of-life experiences and their colleagues, evidence base for compassionate workplace programs
INTERCAMBIO	Climate change and the green transition	Intervention with co-creation and natural experiment	Outdoor construction, healthcare, public transit, wind turbine manufacturing, and waste management/recycling (Spain, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Denmark, Portugal, Sweden)	ISRCTN12209427, ISRCTN25033513, NCT06688721, ISRCTN10031201, ISRCTN19236285	Scientific community and other multi-level stakeholders including of industry partners, workers/unions, non-governmental organizations and policy-makers	Evidence-based recommendations; exposure measurement database; new quantitative JEM; policy framework; new health research agenda
PROSPERH	Impact of rapid changes in workplaces on physical and mental health of employees	Gather robust evidence on mental and physical health in the workplace; develop and validate (via a cRCT in 11 countries) the multi-level PROSPERH digital intervention	Workplaces, targeting healthcare, construction and telework and ICT based mobile work settings Implementation countries: Albania, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, The Netherlands, Turkey, Germany, Australia, Spain, Hungary, Kosovo	Clinical study registration to be performed	Scientific community, policy makers (international, European and national), occupational health and safety professionals, industry, workplaces and employees	Evidence-based multi-level physical and mental health workplace intervention; policy recommendations; robust evidence published from literature review and analysis of high-quality datasets
SONATA	Unclear impact of architectural adaptive technologies on worker health and well-being.	Empirical evaluation of the individual and orchestrated impact of architectural adaptations on the worker health and wellbeing indicators	Three shared workplace contexts (public workplace, semi-public workplace, private workplace) across Belgium, Germany, Italy, and The Netherlands	Clinical study registration under processing.	Architects, designers, adaptive technologies manufacturers, workplace managers, policymakers, workers	Evidence-based recommendations on how architectural adaptations can actively benefit human health and wellbeing in shared workplace contexts
WAge	Ageing populations and extended working lives raise challenges for maintaining health and work ability. Integrated, age-sensitive approaches to workplace health remain limited	Mixed-methods design combining observational and sensor-based physical exposure assessments with self-reported psychosocial and health data; participatory research; integrative modelling	Manufacturing and services sectors (Poland, Portugal, Spain)	Clinical study registration under processing	Workers, companies, unions, occupational health professionals, policy makers, researchers	WAge Index – an integrative assessment and recommendation tool for targeted interventions; participatory governance model for workplace health research; policy and intervention guidelines