Table 2.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between AUSS, UBE, and PEID

	AUSS(129)	UBE(86)	PEID(73)	P-value
Lumbar VAS score
pre-operation	6.66 ± 0.80	6.65 ± 0.79	6.74 ± 0.85	0.744
3 days after operation	3.88 ± 0.79	3.91 ± 0.84	4.45 ± 0.50	<0.001
3 months after operation	2.63 ± 0.77	2.70 ± 0.81	2.81 ± 0.79	0.298
6 months after operation	2.41 ± 0.63	2.48 ± 0.66	2.55 ± 0.63	0.338
Leg VAS score
pre-operation	7.37 ± 0.75	7.37 ± 0.75	7.29 ± 0.79	0.716
3 days after operation	3.36 ± 0.57	3.45 ± 0.61	3.67 ± 0.77	0.005
3 months after operation	2.57 ± 0.66	2.62 ± 0.65	2.99 ± 0.74	<0.001
6 months after operation	2.00 ± 0.79	2.07 ± 0.78	2.23 ± 0.77	0.128
ODI (%)
pre-operation	65.94 ± 6.53	65.93 ± 6.72	65.40 ± 5.47	0.822
3 days after operation	27.58 ± 4.22	28.29 ± 4.44	30.92 ± 5.39	<0.001
3 months after operation	21.60 ± 4.96	22.12 ± 4.92	24.11 ± 5.36	0.003
6 months after operation	16.33 ± 2.97	16.63 ± 2.92	17.27 ± 2.78	0.085
EQ-5D-5 L index score
pre-operation	0.412 ± 0.082	0.406 ± 0.084	0.393 ± 0.086	0.283
3 days after operation	0.631 ± 0.071	0.616 ± 0.077	0.593 ± 0.075	0.002
3 months after operation	0.702 ± 0.036	0.699 ± 0.038	0.686 ± 0.041	0.017
6 months after operation	0.750 ± 0.037	0.742 ± 0.037	0.735 ± 0.040	0.026
Facet preservation rate(%)
Advancing side	76.74 ± 4.82	74.30 ± 2.74	77.53 ± 2.81	<0.001
Opposite side	82.86 ± 5.50	80.08 ± 4.15	83.12 ± 2.71	<0.001