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. 2025 Jul 8;9:e50709. doi: 10.2196/50709

Table 3.

Baseline characteristics (measured <18 wks of pregnancy) of the study sample, and for participants who visited the intervention versus those who did not (part 1).

Sociodemographic variables Total sample intervention group (N=586), n (%) DA visited at least once, (n=463), n (%) DA not visited (n=123), n (%) Chi-square (df) P value
Recruitment channel 4.49 (1) .03

Clinic sample 124 (21.16) 107 (23.11) 17 (13.82)


Social media sample 462 (78.84) 356 (76.89) 106 (86.18)

Has at least one child 2.02 (1) .15

No 312 (53.24) 254 (54.87) 58 (47.15)


Yes 274 (46.75) 209 (45.14) 65 (52.85)

Country of birth 0.91 (1) .34

Netherlands 572 (97.6) 450 (97.19) 122 (99.19)


Other 14 (2.4) 13 (2.81) 1 (0.81)

Highest education completed 4.06 (1)a .04a

Low 4 (0.7) 4 (0.86) 0 (0)


Intermediate 113 (19.3) 80 (17.28) 33 (26.83)


High 469 (80) 379 (81.82) 90 (73.17)

aLow and intermediate versus high educational levels were compared.