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. 2025 Jul 11;12:1577341. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1577341

TABLE 4.

Descriptive statistics of the knowledge test.

Items Min Max Mean SD
HAPA 4 2 4 3.33 0.90
MI 4 3 4 3.75 0.5
Self-efficacy 4 2 4 3.06 0.83
SDT 4 2 3.5 2.80 0.79
Organization 4 4 4 4 0.0
Application task 2 1 2 1.75 0.51
Initial session 1 1 1 1 0.0
Overall score (%) 4 76 93 85 7

N = 4. HAPA, health action process approach; MI, motivational interviewing; SDT, self-determination theory.