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. 2025 Jul 25;13:163. doi: 10.1186/s40478-025-02081-1

Table 1.

Neuropsychological test results at baseline and one-year follow-up. Summary of raw scores and corresponding Z-scores (or percentile ranks) for key cognitive domains, demonstrating progression of memory, executive, language, and visuospatial impairments over one year. N/A indicates that the test was not administered at follow-up because the patient was too cognitively impaired to complete it. Word list recognition Z-score at follow‐up could not be calculated due to false positives. Abbreviations: WMS-R = Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised

Test Baseline One-Year Follow-Up
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 25/30 24/30
Word List Learning 13 (3/5/5) (Z-score=-2.64) 7 (1/3/3) (Z-score=-4.49)
Word List Recall 5 (Z-score=-1.21) 1/10 (Z-score=-3.18)
Word List Savings 100% (Z-score = 0.93) 34% (Z-score=-2.71)
Word List Intrusions 1 (Z-score=-0.82) 7 (Z-score=-2.61)
Word List Recognition

10 correct, 0 false positives

(Z-score = 0.68)

7/10 correct, 2 false positives
Discriminability 100% 75% (Z-score=-3.00)
Constructional Praxis 11 (Z-score=-1.35) 10 (Z-score=-0.36)
Constructional Praxis Recall 8 (Z-score=-0.13) 3 (Z-score=-2.03)
Constructional Praxis Savings 73% (Z-score=-0.43) 30% (Z-score=-1.97)
Semantic Fluency (Animals) 17 (Z-score=-0.59) 11 (Z-score=-1.82)
Phonemic Fluency (S-words) 8 (Z-score=-0.29) 6 (Z-score=-1.35)
Naming (Boston Naming Test − 15 items) 14/15 (Z-score = 0.13) 12/15 (Z-score=-1.24)
Trail-Making Test A 43 s (Z-score = 0.31) 61 s (Z-score=-0.76)
Trail-Making Test B 98 s (Z-score = 0.56) N/A
Trail-Making Test B/A 2.3 (Z-score=-0.31) N/A
Memory: Digit Span (WMS-R) - forward 5 (Percentile Rank = 15) N/A
Memory: Digit Span (WMS-R) - backward 3 (Percentile Rank = 5) N/A
Executive Function: Color-Word Interference Test (Stroop Test) - processing speed (III) 31 s (Percentile Rank = 27–35) N/A
Color-Word Interference Test (Stroop Test) - interference condition (III) 76 s (Percentile Rank = 9–13) N/A
Color-Word Interference Test (Stroop Test) - interference control (III-II) 46 s (Percentile Rank = 9–13) N/A