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. 2025 Jul 25;25:1115. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07669-8

Table 2.

Survey items

Dependent Variable Question/Item Options
Knowledge about AI How would you rate your general knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI)?

1 = No knowledge

2 = Little knowledge

3 = Good knowledge

4 = Expert

Attitude towards the application of AI in medicine What is your general attitude toward the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine?

1 = Extremely negative

2 = Rather negative

3 = Neutral

4 = Rather positive

5 = Extremely positive

Influence of AI on the profession of physicians What is your view on the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on the profession of physicians?

1 = Extremely negative

2 = Rather negative

3 = Neutral

4 = Rather positive

5 = Extremely positive

Attitude towards the inclusion of AI teaching in medicine I would like to have more teaching on artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine as part of my studies

1 = Completely disagree

2 = Rather disagree

3 = Neutral

4 = Rather agree

5 = Completely agree

Relationship between the use of AI in medicine and the increase in legal and ethical conflicts The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine will increasingly lead to legal and ethical conflicts

1 = Completely disagree

2 = Rather disagree

3 = Neutral

4 = Rather agree

5 = Completely agree

Independent Variable Question/Item Options
AI curricular As part of my studies, there are curricular events on artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine

1 = Yes

0 = No

Control Variables Question/Item Options
Gender

1 = Male

0 = Female

Age Years
Total academic years Years
Experience of programming code Have you already programmed code?

1 = Yes

0 = No

Experience of technical devices usage Which of these technical devices do you use at least once a week?

Smartphone

PC/Laptop

Game console

Tablet

E-reader

Smartwatch

Mediating Variable Question/Item Options
Preparedness for work with AI With my current knowledge, I feel sufficiently prepared to work with artificial intelligence (A1) in my future profession as a physician

1 = Completely disagree

2 = Rather disagree

3 = Neutral

4 = Rather agree

5 = Completely agree