AGEs	Advanced glycation end-products
CAT	Catalase
CFU	Colony-forming units
DM	Diabetes mellitus
DNP	Diabetic nephropathy
DNR	Diabetic neuropathy
GDM	Gestational diabetes mellitus
GLP-1	Glucagon-like peptide-1
GPx	Glutathione peroxidase
GSH	Glutathione
HFD	High-fat diet
HOMA-B	Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function
HOMA-IR	Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
hs-CRP	High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
MDA	Malondialdehyde
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NO	Nitric oxide
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
PKC	Protein kinase C
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acids
STZ	Streptozotocin
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
TAC	Total antioxidant capacity
T1D	Type 1 diabetes
T2D	Type 2 diabetes