| Nor | Normal group |
| Con | Control group |
| Cur | Curcumin-treated group |
| L.beLP1 | Low-dose beLP1-treated group |
| H.beLP1 | High-dose beLP1-treated group |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| SD | Sprague–Dawley |
| Micro-CT | Micro-computed tomography |
| UPS | Ubiquitin–proteasome system |