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. 2025 Jul 12;47(7):543. doi: 10.3390/cimb47070543
T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus
EC ethanol extract of cinnamon
BW body weight
HFD high-fat diet
FBG fasting blood glucose
OGTT oral glucose tolerance test
HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
TC total cholesterol
TG total triglyceride
LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α
SCFAs short-chain fatty acids
STZ streptozotocin
MS mass spectrometry
PPI protein–protein interaction
GO Gene Ontology
KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
BAs bile acids
CA cholic acid
FXR farnesoid X receptor
FGF15 fibroblast growth factor 15
PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase
AKT protein kinase B
ZO-1 zonula occludens-1