| ALN | Apical lymph node |
| EMVI | Extramural venous invasion |
| CRM | Circumferential resection margin |
| OR | Odd ratio |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| IMA | Inferior mesenteric artery |
| HL | High ligation |
| CME | Complete mesocolic excision |
| TME | Total mesorectal excision |
| OS | Overall survival |
| CSS | Cancer-specific survival |
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