8-OHdG	8-oxodeoxyguanosine
AG	androgen receptor
BPD	bronchopulmonary dysplasia
CCL	C-C motif chemokine ligand
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular patterns
DOHaD	developmental origins of health and disease
E	embryonic day
EVs	extracellular vesicles
Fe2+	ferrous iron
GWAS	genome-wide associated studies
GM-CSF	granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating factor
GnRH	gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GPX	glutathione peroxidase
GR	glucocorticoid receptor
GRER1	G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1
GSH	glutathione
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
hCG	human chorionic gonadotropin
HIF	hypoxia-inducible factor
HO	heme oxygenase
HO˙	hydroxyl radical
IFN	interferon
Ig	immunoglobulin
IGF	insulin-like growth factor
IL	interleukin
IUGR	intrauterine growth restriction
MAPK	p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase
MDA	malondialdehyde
MIAC	microbial invasion of amniotic cavity
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase-9
NF-κb	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell
NK	natural killer
nRBCs	nucleated red blood cells
O2	superoxide radical
P4	progesterone
PAMPs	pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PAPP	pregnancy-associated plasma protein
PE	preeclampsia
PG	prostaglandin
PlGF	placental growth factor
PIVH	periventricular–intraventricular hemorrhage
pPROM	preterm premature rupture of the membrane
PRA	progesterone receptor A
PTB	preterm birth
RDS	respiratory distress syndrome
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SpAs	spiral arteries
sPTB	spontaneous preterm birth
SRY	sex-determining region
T1	trimester 1
T2	trimester 2
T3	trimester 3
TLR	toll-like receptor
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
Vegf	vascular endothelial growth factor
XCI	X chromosome inhibition