ACPA	anti-citrullinated protein antibodies
APS	antiphospholipid syndrome
AS	atherosclerosis
DMARD	disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
bDMARDs	biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
CAD	coronary artery disease
CRP	C-reactive protein
CVD	cardiovascular disease
DM	diabetes mellitus
EBV	Epstein-Barr virus
EULAR	European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
FLS	fibroblast-like synoviocytes
HDL	high-density lipoprotein
ICAM-1	intercellular adhesion molecule-1
IL-1	interleukin-1
IL-1β	interleukin-1 beta
IL-6	interleukin-6
LDL	low-density lipoprotein
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
NF-κB	kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NSAIDs	nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
OA	osteoarthritis
RA	rheumatoid arthritis
RF	rheumatoid factor
SLE	systemic lupus erythematosus
TENS	transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
TNF-α	factor-alpha
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
WHO	World Health Organization